In 1908, John Moses Browning designed a cartridge he called the 380 Automatic Colt Pistol, but which we know today as the 380 ACP. The Germans called the cartridge the 9mm Kurz, with the Italian name for the same round being the 9mm Corto. Both of those foreign words mean short, with the 380’s metric nomenclature being 9x17mm, compared to the 9x19mm sizing of the 9mm Luger (or 9mm Parabellum).
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